INTRODUCTION: Despite their profound clinical impact and high mortality, acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) still lack any effective or standardized treatment strategies. This manuscript describes the rationale and design of a randomized, multicenter, open-label Phase III clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) compared with usual care in hospitalized patients with AE-IPF.

CONCLUSIONS: Regional differences in severe asthma underline the importance of tailored treatment approaches, and multidisciplinary management of comorbid conditions.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major contributor to global respiratory morbidity and exhibits substantial sex- and gender-related differences in incidence, phenotype, pathophysiology, and outcomes across the life course. Historically regarded as a predominantly male disease due to higher smoking rates, COPD is now increasingly recognized among women, reflecting changing exposure patterns and enhanced diagnostic attention. Moreover, evidence indicates that women may be more...

Background/Objectives: The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) poses significant clinical challenges due to overlapping mechanisms of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and metabolic dysregulation. Patients with both conditions face higher risks of exacerbations, prolonged hospitalizations, cardiovascular events, and reduced quality of life. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the pathophysiological interplay...

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BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory condition characterized by persistent airflow limitation and debilitating symptoms that impair patients’ quality of life (QoL) and daily functioning. Aclidinium bromide is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist approved as a maintenance bronchodilator to relieve symptoms in adults with COPD. While randomized controlled trials have established the efficacy of aclidinium, real-world data are essential for...

CONCLUSIONS: The IMPROVE findings indicate that extrafine BDP/FF/G improves clinical outcomes in symptomatic COPD patients previously treated with dual bronchodilation in a real-world setting in Greece.

CONCLUSIONS: Biologics significantly reduced asthma exacerbations, improved lung function, asthma control and quality of life, and alleviated sino-nasal outcomes in patients with comorbid asthma and CRSwNP, with an acceptable safety profile.

The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), known as overlap syndrome (OS), presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Patients with overlap syndrome exhibit more severe hypoxemia, higher cardiovascular risk, and increased COPD exacerbations compared to those with either condition alone. While treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) remains the cornerstone of OSA management, its role in patients with OS requires more...

BACKGROUND: Standardized variables and their definitions are essential for robust delivery and reporting of clinical studies and quality improvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This protocol describes the rationale and methodology for the derivation and definition of clinical study variables for patients with multimorbidity or at high risk of multimorbidity in COPD.

TB-IRIS is a rare complication of antitubercular therapy, particularly in immunocompetent patients. Timely recognition and initiation of corticosteroid therapy are crucial for effective management. https://bit.ly/4qH4RXB.

BACKGROUND: The SOURCE phase 3 oral corticosteroid (OCS)-sparing study of tezepelumab indicated an OCS-sparing effect with tezepelumab versus placebo in patients with OCS-dependent asthma and baseline blood eosinophil counts (BECs) of at least 150 cells per μL. The WAYFINDER study aimed to further evaluate the ability of tezepelumab to reduce or discontinue OCS use in a larger cohort of patients with OCS-dependent severe, uncontrolled asthma.

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CONCLUSION: T2-targeting biologics have utility in the management of asthma with low T2 involvement, but more effective therapies are needed. Further research is warranted to identify specific pathogenic pathways at the lower end of the T2 spectrum that can be effectively targeted by biologics.

INTRODUCTION: Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in pulmonary medicine. However, FB can cause respiratory and haemodynamic complications, especially in patients with pre-existing lung and/or cardiovascular comorbidities. Despite the range of oxygenation and ventilatory approaches available to prevent these risks, evidence regarding their real-world application and clinical impact is limited. The OxyFOB study aims to assess the prevalence and...